What is the primary function of red blood cells in the human body?

The primary function of red blood cells is to carry oxygen from the lungs to the tissues and organs throughout the body. These cells contain hemoglobin, a protein that binds to oxygen, allowing red blood cells to efficiently transport this essential gas. Oxygen is critical for cellular respiration, the process by which cells produce energy. Without the ability to transport oxygen effectively, cells would not receive the necessary fuel to function properly, leading to a cascade of health issues.

Red blood cells also play a role in transporting carbon dioxide, a waste product of metabolism, back to the lungs for exhalation; however, their primary role remains the delivery of oxygen. Understanding this function is crucial when studying human physiology and the importance of maintaining healthy red blood cell levels to ensure adequate oxygenation of tissues.